Advantages and functions of corrugated washers

　　The corrugated washer is located on different sides of the central surface, tangent to the corresponding surface of the first or second support surface parallel to the central surface, improving its initial compression behavior. A corrugated washer is an overlapping elastic washer, usually installable in small spaces, such as pre-stressing bearings, reducing bearing operating noise, and improving bearing operating accuracy and stability. In addition, it has extensive applications in electronics and electrical appliances. Materials include carbon steel, stainless steel, and copper alloys. Below, let's look at the advantages and functions of corrugated washers.

　　I. Advantages of Corrugated Washers

　　Corrugated washers are a type of washer with a wide range of applications due to their many advantages. With rebound as the optimization goal, and based on a careful analysis of the elastic optimization design method of corrugated washers in connecting systems, design calculation software has been developed to meet the standardized and parameterized design requirements of corrugated washer elasticity. The load-deformation response relationship of a bolt-flange connection with a corrugated washer under axial load was calculated and simulated using the finite element analysis method and compression rebound test. The calculation results match the experimental data, indicating that the proposed finite element analysis model can be used well to study the mechanical behavior of corrugated washers.

　　Based on the consideration of gasket and bolt creep, the deformation coordination equation of the gasket, bolt, flange, and gasket connection system was established. Treating it as a statically determinate system, the tightness analysis method was improved. The results show that this washer can not only effectively compensate for the system relaxation caused by bolt and gasket creep, but also compensate for the flange deflection and bolt tension to a certain extent, thus effectively solving the problem of reduced residual stress of the medium caused by the gasket under high-temperature conditions.

　　II. Function of Corrugated Washers

　　1. Corrugated washers protect workpiece surfaces: The main function of corrugated washers is to prevent loosening of mechanical equipment, mainly placed under the nut. Spring washers are characterized by low cost and easy installation, and are only used for frequently disassembled equipment, used for general mechanical products and bearing load. The function of the corrugated washer is achieved through its elasticity and diagonal friction. Widely used to prevent loosening of fasteners at connections that are frequently disassembled. This device is located under the nut to prevent nut loosening, as stated in national standards. Corrugated washers are also used to protect workpiece surfaces.
 

　　2. The surface of multilayer corrugated washers forms a stable phosphate film: Heating multilayer corrugated washers in the air or directly immersing them in a concentrated oxidizing solution causes a very thin oxide film to form on the surface of the corrugated spring. Phosphating is usually applied to the surface treatment of carbon steel corrugated washers, with excellent smoothness, allowing it to react with phosphoric acid or phosphates to form a stable phosphate film on the surface of the corrugated washer. A corrugated washer is an open elastic washer, usually installable in small spaces, such as pre-stressing bearings, reducing bearing operating noise, and improving bearing operating accuracy and stability. In addition, there are extensive applications in electronics, carbon steel, stainless steel, and copper alloys.